GAMBARAN PASIEN GAGAL GINJAL KRONIK YANG MENJALANI HEMODIALISA DI RUMAH SAKIT SANTA ELISABETH MEDAN TAHUN 2024

Abstract

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a condition of gradual, irreversible decline in kidney function, resulting in the body's inability to maintain metabolic, fluid, and electrolyte balance. This condition results in the accumulation of urea and other nitrogenous compounds in the bloodstream (uremia). Hemodialysis is the primary renal replacement therapy, which channels the patient's blood through a dialyzer—an artificial kidney with two chambers: a blood compartment and a dialysate compartment—separated by a semipermeable membrane to aid in the removal of metabolic waste. The purpose of the study was to determine the description of Chronic Kidney Failure Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis at the Hemodialysis Unit of Santa Elisabeth Hospital Medan in 2024. Methods: This study was conducted to describe the characteristics of patients with chronic kidney disease receiving hemodialysis therapy at the Hemodialysis Unit of Santa Elisabeth Hospital, Medan, in 2024. The study used a descriptive approach with a cross-sectional design. A total of 60 patients were sampled using a total sampling technique. Data were collected through questionnaires and direct field observations. The research findings indicate that the largest age group was 41–50 years old, with 25 respondents (41.7%). In terms of education, the majority of respondents (23 respondents) had completed high school (38.3%). Based on gender, males were the dominant group, with 31 respondents (51.7%). The longest duration of hemodialysis was 2–3 years, with 34 respondents (56%). Regarding lifestyle, most respondents did not smoke (37 respondents; 61.7%), did not consume alcohol (40 respondents; 66.7%), and did not use herbal remedies (35 respondents; 58.3%). Furthermore, the majority of patients (32 respondents; 53.3%) consumed 600–1000 ml of water per day. Conclusion: Patients with chronic kidney disease are recommended to undergo regular hemodialysis therapy and maintain a healthy lifestyle, including avoiding smoking, not consuming alcohol, not using medications without a doctor's prescription, and meeting adequate daily fluid requirements